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Brooke Shields: Opening Up
Glossary and Infertility Information You Can Use
In vitro fertilization (IVF): Eggs produced by administering fertility drugs are retrieved from the woman's body and fertilized by sperm in a laboratory. The resulting embryos are transferred by catheter to the uterus.
Laparoscopy: Examination of the pelvic region by using a small telescope called a laparoscope.
Luteal phase: Days of the menstrual cycle after ovulation when progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum.
Luteinizing hormone (LH): A pituitary hormone that stimulates the gonads. In the man, LH is necessary for spermatogenesis and for the production of testosterone. In the woman, LH is necessary for the development of follicles and the production of estrogen.
Luteinizing hormone surge (LH SURGE): The release of luteinizing hormone (LH) that causes release of a mature egg from the follicle among other functions.
Menstruation: Shedding of the uterine lining by bleeding, which (in the absence of pregnancy) normally occurs about once a month in the mature female.
Micromanipulation: A variety of techniques that can be performed in a laboratory under a microscope. An embryologist manipulates egg and sperm to improve the chances of pregnancy.
Miscarriage: Spontaneous loss of a viable embryo or fetus in the womb.
Morphology: The physical structure and configuration of sperm cells.
Motility: The ability of sperm to swim.
Oligo-ovulation: Infrequent ovulation.
Oligomenorrhea: Irregular menstrual periods.
Oligospermia: Abnormally low number of sperm in the ejaculate of the male.
Oocyte: The egg; the female gamete.
Ovarian failure: The failure of the ovary to respond to FSH stimulation from the pituitary. Diagnosed by elevated FSH in the blood.
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